Functionalized Nanomaterial and Metallocycle for Selective Antibacterial, Diagnosis, and Anti-cancer Activity

Abstract

The evolution of drug resistant bacteria has become a severe threat to public health globally. The misuse of conventional antibiotics has led to the development of multi-drug resistant bacteria. Even though antibiotics play a major role in modern medicine but the widely used antibiotics severely damage human-related microbial flora which ultimately result resistance in bacteria. To reduce the evolvement of drug resistance bacteria and minimize the side effects caused by nonspecific bactericidal action, it is necessary to develop strain-selective bactericidal strategies. The recent advancement in nanomaterials has encouraged us to utilize nanomaterials for the development of selective bactericidal agents. Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are a class of 2D layered materials with unique physicochemical properties. They have acquired great interest in various research fields such as electronic devices, sensors, catalysis, energy storage and more recently in biomedical applications. In typical, MoS2 a TMDs has attracted greater importance because of its desirable physical and chemical properties to utilize in biological applications. The easy surface functionalization, sharp edge, different phase with unique electronic properties of MoS2 helps to enhance their solution processibility as well as the biological interactions. Hence this chapter represents a collective literature background for the antibacterial activity of MoS2 nanomaterials and their nanocomposites. Also, the various methods of surface functionalization of MoS2 and their application in antibacterial activity were discussed. In addition, we have also discussed the protein and nanomaterial interaction for bio-analyte sensing. Finally, the antibacterial and anticancer activity of various nanostructured materials such as supramolecular cages, metal organic frameworks (MOF), and covalent organic frame works (COF).