In the cell, as in in vitro, the final conformation of a protein is determined by it's amino acid sequence (1). Some isolated proteins can be denatured and refolded in vitro in absence of extrinsic factors. However, in ...

Native states of globular proteins typically show stabilization in the range of 5 to 15 kcal/mol with respect to their unfolded states. There has been a considerable progress in the area of protein stability and folding ...

When eukaryotic or unstable proteins are overexpressed in bacteria, these often form insoluble aggregates called inclusion bodies (IB). Refolding the proteins from inclusion bodies can be challenging, resulting in low ...