Syntheses and Structure Elucidations of Co-crystal with Nicotinamide Co-former

Abstract

Abstract : Co-crystals consist of two or more components that form a unique crystalline structure having unique properties. The components interact via non-covalent, ionic interaction, van der Waals interactions and π-π interactions. The intermolecular interactions and resulting crystal structures can generate physical and chemical properties that differ from the properties of the individual components. Co-crystals can be applied in medicine and pharmaceutical industry for improving different properties such as dissolution rate, melting point, solubility, chemical stability etc. A common property of drugs is their low aqueous solubility, which has been suggested to be a key factor in restricting their bioavailability. Thus, there is need to develop alternative forms of these drugs with improved solubility which can significantly enhance the oral absorption of these drugs. So here we used flufenamic acid and triclosan as drug molecule which is usually used as anti-inflammatory and antibacterial agent respectively. These have poor solubility in water (10 mg/L at 20°C) which limits its absorption and dissolution rate and thus delays the onset of action. Nicotinamide was used as a co former to increase the solubility of these drug molecules. These co-crystals are expected to be more soluble in water than the parent molecules, due to the possibility of complex formation in solution.