Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) modulate the bioavailability of IGFs in circulation. IGFBPs 1-6 bind IGFs with high affinity and can either potentiate or inhibit IGF signaling in a context dependent ...

Activin-A is a member of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily of cytokines which includes TGF-βs, Activins, Nodal, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), growth and differentiation factors (GDFs) and anti-Mullerian ...

AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) is an energy sensor that regulates cell growth and metabolism. Reports from our laboratory and others have shown the context-specific role of AMPK signaling in breast cancer. However, its role ...

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in India and worldwide. It is a highly heterogeneous disease caused by several genetic and epigenetic alterations in mammary epithelial cells. Both inter- and intra-patient ...

Breast cancers are characterized by extensive modifications to mechanical properties of the tissue via increased ECM production and vascularization. TGF-B is a multi-functional cytokine that is implicated in cancer invasion ...

Invasiveness of cancer is the predominant reason behind mortality associated with the disease. Although long under active investigation, fundamental aspects of the early steps of cancer invasion and metastasis are still ...