Recombination Activating Genes (RAGs) orchestrate the process called V (D) J recombination, which enables the vertebrate adaptive immune system to specifically recognize millions of antigens. During this recombination ...

Helicobacter pylori is one of the most genetically diverse bacterial species that successfully colonizes at least 50% of the world population. It has been associated with humans for thousands of years and most probably ...

The cytosolic protein degradation pathway, performed by ATP-dependent proteases and ATP-independent peptidases, plays important roles in several cellular activities, e.g. cell division, cell cycle progression, intracellular ...

Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are a class of molecular chaperones which were first discovered as proteins up-regulated in response to heat stress in Drosophila. Later, it was found that these set of proteins get up-regulated ...

T lymphocytes are an essential component of the adaptive immune response and are highly versatile in function. Each T cell has a unique T cell receptor that can recognize an antigenic peptide in the context of the major ...

Type II Ribosome Inactivating Proteins (RIPs), commonly known as A/B toxins are heterodimers comprising of a catalytically active A chain, an RNA N-glycosidase which inhibits protein synthesis and a lectin-like B chain ...

Cytosolic LPA acyltransferase in yeast An isooctane tolerant strain of S. cerevisiae KK-12 was reported to have increased saturated fatty acid content (Miura et. al., 2000). Amongst the various genes upregulated on isooctane ...

In plants, calcium is a ubiquitous signaling molecule and changes in cytosolic calcium levels reported in response to various abiotic and biotic stresses like salt stress, drought, pathogen attack and phytohormone signaling. ...

Pichia pastoris, a methylotrophic yeast is widely used for recombinant protein production. It has a well characterized methanol utilization (MUT) pathway, the enzymes of which are induced when cells are cultured in the ...