Corpus luteum is a transient endocrine structure formed from the ruptured ovarian follicle. Its main function is to secrete P4, a pro-gestational hormone, essential for establishment and maintenance of pregnancy in mammals. ...

Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs: ESCs and iPSCs) provide an excellent model system for studying neural development and function. These cells also serve as a reliable source of cell replacement for the treatment of various ...

Cellular senescence has been proposed to be equivalent to organismal aging and is one of the outcomes of the cell fate decision process in response to DNA damage that occurs in cells. When a cell encounters DNA damage, the ...

Activin-A is a member of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily of cytokines which includes TGF-βs, Activins, Nodal, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), growth and differentiation factors (GDFs) and anti-Mullerian ...

The nervous system is the most complex system in an organism. Functioning of the nervous system requires proper formation of neural cells, as well as accurate connectivity and signaling among them. While the major events ...

The chb operon constitutes the genes essential for utilization of chitooligosaccharides in Escherichia coli and related species. The six genes of the operon code for a transcriptional regulator (ChbR) of the operon, a ...

The genetic systems involved in the utilisation of aromatic β-glucosides in E. coli consist of the bgl, asc, and chb operons and the locus bglA encoding phospho-β-glucosidase A. The bgl and asc operons are known as cryptic ...

Macromolecular assemblies such as the ribosome, spliceosome, polymerases are imperative for cellular functions. The current understanding of these important machineries and many other assemblies at the molecular level is ...

Membrane proteins roughly constitute 30% of open reading frames in a genome and form 70% of current drug targets. They are classified as integral, peripheral membrane proteins and polypeptide toxins. α-helices and β -strands ...

Cerebral ischemia is a highly debilitating condition where shortage of oxygen and glucose leads to profuse cell death. Insufficient blood supply to the brain leads to cerebral ischemia and increase in extracellular lactate ...